TINJAUAN SISTEMATIS TENTANG TREN, TANTANGAN, DAN ARAH PERKEMBANGAN CHATBOT DALAM LAYANAN KESEHATAN DIGITAL
Keywords:
Chatbot Kesehatan, Chatbot, Kesehatan Digital, Generatif AIAbstract
Penelitian ini membahas perkembangan chatbot berbasis kecerdasan buatan dalam layanan kesehatan digital yang semakin pesat seiring kemajuan teknologi Natural Language Processing (NLP), Transformer, dan Generative AI. Chatbot kesehatan dinilai mampu meningkatkan akses layanan dan literasi kesehatan masyarakat, namun masih menghadapi berbagai tantangan dalam penerapannya. Meskipun pemanfaatannya terus meluas, terdapat kesenjangan penelitian terkait efektivitas klinis, pengalaman pengguna, serta aspek etika dan keamanan data. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Grounded Theory Literature Review untuk memetakan tren riset, metode penelitian, domain aplikasi, serta karakteristik teknologi chatbot kesehatan berdasarkan publikasi ilmiah periode 2017–2025. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa chatbot banyak digunakan pada bidang edukasi kesehatan, administrasi layanan, serta dukungan informasi medis melalui platform berbasis teks dan suara. Teknologi generatif terbukti meningkatkan kualitas interaksi dan personalisasi layanan, namun juga memunculkan isu validitas informasi dan keandalan sistem. Secara keseluruhan, hasil studi menegaskan bahwa chatbot memiliki potensi besar dalam meningkatkan kualitas layanan kesehatan digital, namun implementasinya harus disertai perhatian serius terhadap aspek etika, keamanan data, dan integrasi dengan sistem layanan kesehatan formal.
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